The new European order, drawn up in Vienna, marks the revenge of the Ancien Regime against the ideals of liberty resulting from the French Revolution, and fails to meet national aspirations that are growing in Europe. ![]() Finally, the decisions taken at the Congress of Vienna leave the Italian peninsula, as well as Germany, partitioned, in spite of the creation of the German Confederation. To curb its territorial ambitions, two buffer states are reinforced at its borders: in the north, the kingdom of the Netherlands, which includes Belgium, is created, whereas in the south, the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia recovers Savoy, the county of Nice, and expands to include the region of Genoa. France, a defeated power, regains approximately its borders of 1792. Sweden sees its annexation of Norway confirmed at the expense of Denmark, which, in compensation, receives the duchies of Holstein and Lauenburg. More concerned with developing its colonial empire and insuring the security of its commercial shipping lanes, it obtains a certain number of islands, such as the islet of Helgoland in the North Sea, as well as Malta and the Ionian islands in the Mediterranean. The United Kingdom has no territorial claims on the European continent. These latter territorial expansions give the Hapsburg Empire a southern and Mediterranean engagement. Austria, for its part, recovers the Tyrol and receives the kingdom of Venetian Lombardy, as well as Dalmatia. The Czar thereby continues his march towards Constantinople. It is granted trusteeship over the greater part of Poland and removes Bessarabia from the Ottoman Empire. Russia secures its takeover of Finland. With these acquisitions, Prussia definitively obtains the status of a great European power. Prussia expands to include a part of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, Swedish Pomerania, over half of Saxony, and above all, the greater part of the Rhineland. ![]() The decisions taken in Vienna redraw the political map of Europe. Two principles dominate the negotiations: the preservation of political equilibrium among the powers, and the restoration of old dynasties, driven out by the revolutionary wave. Under the leadership of the four great victors over France: the United Kingdom, Austria, Prussia and Russia, the European countries meet in Vienna to determine the fate of the territories that were shattered by the Napoleonic conquests, and reconstruct a European order. ![]() Major rivers, cities, and ports are shown.In the wake of Napoleon’s defeat, Europe is left deeply disorganized after nearly a quarter century of revolution and war. Non–Confederation countries shown include Norway, Sweden, Finland, Great Britain, Denmark, Netherlands, France, Portugal, Spain, Swiss Confederation, Sardinia, Corsica, Lombardo–Venetia, Parma, Modena, Lucca, Tuscany, States of the Church, The Two Sicilies, eastern Austria–Hungary, Galicia, Poland, portions of Russia and the Ottoman Empire, and the eastern portion of Prussia. This map is color–coded to show lands controlled by the German Confederation, including Holstein, Hamburg, Mecklenburg, Hanover, Luxemburg, Hesse, Saxony, Baden, Bavaria, Bohemia, and the western portions of Prussia and Austria. Title: Europe After the Congress of Vienna Projection: Unknown,ĭescription: A color map of Europe after the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which redrew the continent's political boundaries after the French Revolution, Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. Europe After the Congress of Vienna, 1815
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